Batterer Treatment Programs

Domestic violence and especially batter has been identified as a form of invasion in the society for decades now. Even though, knock about has been categorized as a savage by the brutal justice system, its discourse has been handled differently from other forms of aggression. Over the past two decades, efforts have been applied to savoir-faire the problem of wife battering.The develop manpowert of interposition schedules has been rapid which has afterward increased batterers right to programming. banging is inevitably associated with family violence and the familiar societal violence.This means that the existence of battering will continue unless the structures of bureau within the society is variegated and thereby forbidding it. The change of the society alone is not enough to point of reference the problem of battering. In addition to this change, individual involved in battering practices must also change (Mederos, 1999). The purpose of this paper is thusly to examin e how the batterers can be changed. In particular, it aims at providing effective intercession programs that can be applied to address the problem of battering.The paper examines the consumptions that have been played by sad justice in addressing battering problem and the existing sermon approaches that have been effectively applied to assuage this behavior. Criminal justice system intervention to battering there exist a bit of criminal justice responses to battering. However, battering has continued for years due to the reluctance of the victims to report such cases to law enforcement agencies. There argon a number of responses with regards to battering in the criminal justice realm which atomic number 18 triggered by-line reports of abuse.Arrest In the circumstance that it is proved beyond any reasonable doubt that an assault has been committed, then an stop over becomes mandatory. These mandatory arrests have significantly increased as reports of assault by victims of b attering increase. However, many pile have raised concerns about the effectiveness of arrests in reducing recidivism. It has been reported by certain inquiry studies that arrests can only downgrade recidivism partly. This study has however been contracted arguing that effects of arrests on recidivism is limited.The contestation over the effectiveness of arrests on recidivism will continue due to the lack of consensus on its impacts. In particular, the ineffectuality of this approach has been witnessed in the slow quests of batters, and thereby suggesting that these arrests are not adequately accompanied by convictions. Arrests without an high-octane conviction do not deter future incidences of battering (Rusen, 1992). Prosecution The process of arrests should be followed subsequently with immediate prosecution after charges have been preferred against the batterer.In some cases, batterers may not be prosecuted solely instead issued with restraining instructions. However, the e ffectiveness of arrests and prosecutions in deterring the future occurrence of battering has been questioned by some(prenominal) researchers. Sufficient lay has not been found to prove that prosecution of the offenders of battering reduces recidivism (Davis et al. , 1998). Sentencing Convicted batters are usually subjected to probations where they may be essential to beneathgo sermon programs.It has been argued that it is impossible to distinguish the chances of recidivism with regards to cases which results to null prosecution, probation and incarceration. On the other hand, subjective battering to probation where they are subjected to treatment programs has been found to reduce recidivism. The criminal justice system has therefore been identified to be inferior in dealing with recidivism. There has been no significant relationship between recidivism and the prospect of arrests and punishment.This means that batters are not deterred from engaging in future battering by the p ossibility of being subjected to arrests and prosecution (Davis et al. , 1998). Approaches to batterers treatment programs There are several treatment programs available for batterers ranging from theoretical methods to forms of treatment. These programs include the Duluth approach and a program commonly referred to as New Leaf. Against this introduction, several theoretical approaches are examined together with fundamental models necessary for the treatment of batterers.These programs have not been proven to decisively reduce recidivism. However, they form a strong priming coat for examining the fascinate treatment mechanisms. The Duluth Model This was a community based response that was developed in Minnesota and comprised of several batterer detection and prevention free radicals within the society. This approach performed a coordinative role to the law enforcement agencies responsible for arrests, prosecution and batterer treatment programs. The batterers were subjected to ei ther imprisonment or probation under stringent guidelines.The activities of the batterer during this probation period were closely monitored. Such activities include attending to treatment programs. In addition, a close contact between the spouse of the batterer was maintained. In order to effectively respond to the problem of battering, prosecutorial agencies and the mental health institutions within the community closed be givened as a unit. Thorough training was given to all the participants involved in the treatment process on batters under this model in order to equip them with adequate knowledge to understand what was involved in their work (Mederos, 1999).Under the Duluth model, the work of the male team headlinerers is not confined to interaction with the offenders of battering and their spouses. Part of their trading includes accounting for physical abuse by passing information to the relevant agencies. harmonize to this model, scurrilous men usually use several obscure arguments to justify and legitimize their behavior. Treatment programs involve a number of video clips and team dialogue with the intention of guiding the batterer in understanding the fundamental mythical beliefs regarding battering and thereby aid them in envisioning and defining non-abusive behaviors.The process of envisioning was accompanied with clear guidelines involving negotiations illustrating the basis of behavior in open relationships (Mederos, 1999). New Leaf program This program was developed to address the concerns of protective cover women in Nova Scotia. The basis of this approach was that the shelter women needed assistance but the participation of shelter workers in this assistance was discouraged. As a result of this concern, males in the community intervened with the offenders of battering. This program involved and open group discussions which were organized weekly.The viewpoint of this program was that violence is feministic and a way of rig. A thorough intak e discourse program was undertaken where the batterer was encouraged to change. The group leaders were in full examine of the interview sessions and had an influential role in the lives of the batterers. The team leaders were constantly accessible to address the concerns of men and their spouses. Interventions included providing on-spot crisis resolution, visitation of offenders in prison, and unplanned visits to homes upon suspecting that there was danger of violence.However, these unannounced visits are not viewed as strange especially in the rural setting where it is the norm. This program had the advantage of intervening in high risk situations (Hanson & Whitman, 1995). Theoretical approaches The general approach to the treatment of batterer can classified into psychological, feminist and socio-cultural. The traditional intervention mechanisms for batterers focused mainly on the influence of psychological factors on violence. The problem of battering has a psychological dimens ion as abusive men usually blame their partners for the problems they are experiencing such as depression.The depression can therefore lead them into substance abuse. Batterer treatment should therefore involve psychotherapeutic models. The socio-cultural method assumes that the battering is influenced by learned behavior. According to this approach, battering is learned within the society as there are inequalities in wealth control as well as societal structures which are biased in defining gender roles and therefore encourages leniency to battering. Treatment should therefore emphasize on unlearning where the batterers are encouraged to view violence as an unacceptable behavior within the society.In addition, the involvement of men in battering has been found to be as a result of attitude towards women. Intervention mechanisms should therefore include efforts in assisting batterers to change their attitudes. Feminist oriented batterer treatment strategies view battering as a socia l and political. According to this theory, battering is a reconciled pattern of economic and sexual abuse. This approach therefore suggests that interventions to battering should address to root causes of battering. The feminist scheme in addition focuses on addressing the gender imbalances which are responsible for violent behavior (Dutton, 1998).Conclusion Developing batterer treatment programs within the society is quite challenging. However, there are fundamental factors that have effectively and efficiently contributed the treatment of batterers. Any approach to batterer treatment should be developed with adequate knowledge which is capable of achieving high standards of integrity. indication Davis, R. C. , Smith, B. E. , & Nickels, L. B. (1998). The deterrent effect of prosecuting house servant violence misdemeanors. Crime & Delinquency 44(3), 434-442. Dutton, D. G. (1998). The abusive personality Violence and control in intimate relationships.New York The Guilford Press. H anson, R. K. & Whitman, R. (1995). A rural, community action model for the treatment of abusive men. Canadian diary of Community Mental Health 14(1), 49-59. Mederos, F. (1999). Batterer intervention programs The past and future prospects. In M. F. Shepard & E. L. Pence, Coordinating community responses to domestic violence Lessons from Duluth and beyond. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage Publications. Rusen, M. F. (1992). Silencing their screams The legal systems response to male battering of women. Ottawa National Association of Women and the Law.